Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are a type of rechargeable battery that utilize lithium metal and elemental sulfur as electrodes, offering a theoretical specific energy of 2600 Wh kg −1, making them ideal for
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Lithium–sulfur batteries could displace lithium-ion cells because of their higher energy density and lower cost. The lowofand moderate atomic weight of Li–S batteries were invented in the 1960s, when Herbert and Ulam patented a primary battery employing lithium or lithium alloys as anodic material, sulfur as cathodic material and. Chemical processes in the Li–S cell include lithium dissolution from thesurface (and incorporation into ) during discharge, and reverse lithiumto the anode while charging. Anode Historically, the "shuttle" effect is the main cause of degradation in a Li–S battery. Because of the high potential energy density and the nonlinear discharge and charging response of the cell, aand other safety circuitry is sometimes used along withto manage cell operation and.
