Because their generation fluctuates, Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) have become essential for grid stability. The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation, including the increased deployment of renewable power. These resources electrically connect to the grid through an inverter— power electronic devices that convert DC energy into AC energy—and are referred to as inverter-based resources (IBRs). Grid-supporting BESS must comply with strict requirements for performance, functional safety, and cybersecurity. Their potential contributions are wide-ranging and significant, but not always well understood, even among grid operators.
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